Abstract

This paper represents the lowest growth temperature for silicon nano-wires (SiNWs) via a vapor-liquid–solid method, which has ever been reported in the literature. The nano-wires were grown using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique at temperatures as low as 150°C using gallium as the catalyst. This study investigates the structure and the size of the grown silicon nano-structure as functions of growth temperature and catalyst layer thickness. Moreover, the choice of the growth temperature determines the thickness of the catalyst layer to be used.

The electrical and optical characteristics of the nano-wires were tested by incorporating them in photovoltaic solar cells, two terminal bistable memory devices and Schottky diode. With further optimisation of the growth parameters, SiNWs, grown by our method, have promising future for incorporation into high performance electronic and optical devices.

Keywords:

Silicon nano-wire; Nano-tree; Gallium; PECVD; Solar cell; Schottky diode; Bistable memory

http://www.4electron.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?f=69&t=3286

http://uqu.edu.sa/page/ar/12486

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zu6oly462_w

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http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/8/1/83

    <div style="margin:10px 10px 10px 10px; padding-left:10px;text-align:left; border-left:10px solid #acacac;">
        <span style="font-size:14px; padding-bottom:5px; font-weight:bold;">Exploration of nano-element array architectures for substrate solar cells using an a-Si:H absorber</span><br/>
        <span>J. Appl. Phys. <strong>111</strong>, 123103 (2012)<br/>
        <a href="http://link.aip.org/link/doi/10.1063/1.4729539">http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729539</a></span>
    </div>

This video explains in a simplified manner how the cell works.

Has produced the first solar cell in 1986 and was its efficiency 1% they turned only 1% of the light energy falling upon to electrical energy and after the scientists used organic compounds new in the nineties of the last century increased efficiency to about 5%, and scientists hope to raise the efficiency to 10 % in a few years and makes those modern technology attractive for business investment. 

While dependent conventional solar cells on inorganic, such as alloy copper or gallium "metal with a white slash blue" and silicon which materials may not be always available either organic solar cells, they consist mainly of carbon molecules, hydrogen and oxygen are available in nature.

The researchers suggest that organic solar cells can be operated toys or screens small flexible can a matter in or you recharge your batteries portable devices such as telephone, etc. Without a doubt, convert the sun's energy into electricity by materials do not cause any pollution to the environment is great and the researchers hope that solar energy become soon a major source of energy to replace fossil fuel "oil and natural gas" as well as once installed solar cells, the user will get the power after it has always been free.

And increase electronics enhanced complexity of silicon cells used in buildings and various devices as an additional component you specific tasks but what would happen if the solar cells made ​​of material other than silicon?Ask me He was told that the new solar cell reached by the scientists made ​​from organic materials and the advantage of being flexible, lightweight and much cheaper than conventional solar cells is "organic" because it consists mainly of carbon, however, the main obstacle to organic solar cells to their efficiency in converting light into electricity very much lower compared to silicon cells.

 
Electronic traps .. And other obstacles
Consisting solar cell conventional thin layer semiconductor"crystalline solid resistance medium between conductors metallic and insulating materials" squeezed between two electricians and when it falls light on the semiconductor raised electrons near enough to "take off" the same restrictions installed by leaving behind holes and works an electric field is equipped with bipolar Ali urged electrons which carry a negative charge and the gaps" that carry a positive charge "to move the parties interviewers from the solar cell and the process is relatively easy in the semiconductor inorganic, such as silicon, but in the case of organic materials, we find that the force electron linking the largest gap by about a hundred times. Furthermore, the organic material is often a "trap" such as highway barricades impede the movement of electrons.
In spite of the modest efficiency of organic solar cells but other characteristics such as flexibility, light weight, durability and low cost make it attractive to a large extent this in addition to the possibility of integration in other materials due to the flexible nature .. Starting from fabrics to plastics "plastics" to the materials used in building roofs.

Nearing solar energy to become a reliable source of energy engineers devised electricians U.S. method for the manufacture of solar cells if placed side by side with other modern devices. To become a very economical source of energy for the future.

And push scientists to manufacture a new type of solar cells that are not in the same efficient traditional sources, but the cheaper ones and much more useful and widely used and known that solar cells or photo-voltaic cells turning light into electricity and can run a lot of devices from computers "computers" to satellites and solar cell "photo-voltaic" is an electronic cell generated electric driving force their exposure to optical radiation.

Every minute launches sun on the planet a tremendous amount of energy, enough to consume all the inhabitants of the land in an entire year! Unfortunately, the conversion of all those solar horrific to electricity is very expensive and most solar cells are made of silicon silicon element metal and found in abundance in the earth's crust on the body dioxide silicon sand and this needs like microchips to manufacturing processes difficult include the use of room clean and booths circle of air and as a result, the cost of generating electricity from solar energy is about four times as much as the cost generated by conventional means and the good news here is that developments are taking place at a time afoot in the field of plastics plastics and nanotechnology nanotechnology for making cells cheap and flexible can "sprinkled "on the walls or even printed on paper or fabrics!
One of the flaws in the solar cells, "photo-voltaic" traditional silicon-based is that it is solid.

How do solar panels work ? 

 To answer this question all you have to do is watch this video.....

Enjoy watching ....